Session Speakers: WISPAPALOOZA 2022

Profile Picture	Full Name	Company	Job Title	Speaking At	Attendee Bio
(not set)	Rex Lee	Cyber Talk TV	(not set)	Ransomware - Proofing Your ISP	(not set)
(not set)	Bentley Claudon	(not set)	(not set)	Amazing Customer Service - It's All in The Little Things	(not set)
(not set)	Jason Mies	Infinite Electronics/KP Performance Antennas	Director of Sales	Grounding - Stop Losing Equipment	(not set)
(not set)	Christian Kurasek	(not set)	(not set)	Helium, Pollen and Other Ways to Monetize Your Existing Broadcast Sites	(not set)
(not set)	Vince Schuele	IP Architechs Managed Services	Network Architect	Network/Traffic Engineering	(not set)
	Skip Hirvela	Calix	Vice President Regional Sales Partners	Revenue Now, Fiber Later	(not set)
	Alex Freylekhman Freylekhman	Telrad Networks	VP of Sales	The Benefits of pLTE	Alex Freylekhman is an industry veteran who’s mission statement of making world faster one network at the time, has become a life mission. Having an advanced degree in computer science, and nearly 20 year experience with wireless broadband he brings a wealth of knowledge and practical skill into any broadband conversation or project.
	Thomas Forte	Red Jacket Solutions	President	Starting A WISP - What You Should Know Legal Requirements of Installing Fiber	(not set)
	Michael Mazer	Mazer Telecom Advisors, LLC	President	All Things Private Equity	Investment banker specializing in the telecom industry
	Tom Mitchell	netElastic	Vice President, Strategy & Business Development	Technical Considerations in Multi Access Networks	Tom Mitchell is Vice President of Strategy and Business Development at netElastic Systems, Inc. a leading supplier of virtual networking technologies for Service Providers. He has over 30 years of networking industry experience driving strategic customer, partner and investor relationships. Tom co-founded and served as the Chief Executive of RadioLAN, and has held senior Sales, Marketing, and Business Development roles at companies such as Alloy Computer Products, Apple, Brocade, and Proxim. Tom can be reached at tmitchell@netelastic.com
	Mark Radabaugh	Amplex	CEO	WISP Financing Technical Considerations in Multi Access Networks	Mark Radabaugh is the President of Amplex Internet that has been providing broadband to Northwest Ohio since 1997 and now serves thousands of residences and businesses. He has been a member of WISPA since 2006. In 2020, Mark was elected Chairman of the WISPA Board of Directors.
	Corey Johnson	JBRI Holdings	Managing Partner	Exit Strategies Competition - Fiber, Satellite, Cable, DSL, 5G	• Corey Johnson: Co-Founder & Managing Partner: Chief Investment Officer • Corey Johnson is a Co-Founder and Managing Partner of JBRI and is a board member of all JBRI portfolio companies. • Together with Gabrielle Johnson, Garrick Johnson and Darryl Johnson, he launched JBRI Holdings in 2017 and establish the firms’ investment strategy, which focuses on driving value creation through its Core ++ investment and operating model. • Since its founding JBRI has invested more than $18m of capital over two investment partnerships. Mr. Johnson has helped oversee each of the firm’s investments (including sourced and allocated co-investment). • Previously, Mr. Johnson was a Managing Director at Cordiant Capital responsible for oversight of global telecom infrastructure investments. He previously worked at Comverse, a telecommunication technology company where he executed on the global turnaround & restructuring prior to selling the business for $600m. • He started his real estate investing career at American Tower Corporation, where he supported the North American mobile tower acquisition efforts through a period of market consolidation, completing $12b of tower transactions, including the industries first ‘Aaa’ debt securitization.
	David Tews	Xtreme Enterprises, LLC	President	Earning Additional Revenue from Customers	David Tews is a telecommunications business executive with proven results over a 30 plus year career. A true Pioneer in the Cellular industry, David began his career in wireless in 1986 in Philadelphia with Metrophone. He managed, designed and built numerous towns, cities and highways of cellular networks in the Northeast United States. In the early 1990s, David became a partner of Americell, a rural cellular operator in the Northeast and Midwest. In the mid 1990s David was recognized as an authority on building and operating cost effective networks in rural America. Throughout his career he has continued to evolve his networks by adopting the latest technology available in the industry. In 2015 David started Xtreme Internet, a Wireless Internet Service Provider (WISP), operating in conjunction with a cellular network. As a WISP, Xtreme Internet has deployed and analyzed numerous WISP technologies. As founder and CEO of XtremeLTE, David entered into a strategic partnership with Ericsson to distribute and support a value added LTE solution to the WISP and private LTE market. By strategically partnering with the leaders in the Broadband Industry, XtremeLTE is solving the challenge of bringing broadband to rural America.
	Mark Albertyn	Wisper ISP, LLC	CFO	Financial Accounting for WISP's Preparing for a Financial Statement Audit	Mark is currently the CFO at Wisper ISP and has been with Wisper for almost 4 years. Before joining Wisper Mark was in South Africa as the CFO in the Education and Training space. Mark has been in finance for over 25 years and has worked for the licensed operator of the National Lottery in South Africa as well as in the financial services sector for one of the top 4 banks. Mark has been a part owner in a currency trading business as well as having his own import and export company. Mark holds a bachelor’s and post graduate honors degrees in finance from the University of Pretoria in South Africa and Mark is a qualified Chartered Accountant (SA)… similar to a CPA qualification in the USA. Mark is passionate about sports and grew up swimming while later representing his home country of South Africa in Indoor and Beach Volleyball.
	John Scrivner	Live Oak Bank	VP - Broadband	WISP Financing	John Scrivner currently serves as VP of Broadband for Live Oak Bank where he has been for the last three plus years. He previously worked for a decade in the CATV industry and then built and sold his WISP, Mt.Vernon.Net, Inc. John also served on the founding board of WISPA where he held the offices of President, Treasurer and several committee chair positions.
	Ken Ruppel	Aviat Networks	ISP Sales	Practical Capacity and Distance for Licensed Backhaul RF Design and Planning	Ken is an official ‘old guy’ with 40 years of experience in the wireless backhaul industry, starting off as an intern at Harris-Farinon in 1981. Ken has a BSEE degree in microwave communications from the University of Santa Clara, with 10 years working in microwave reconnaissance, and holding several technical leadership positions at microwave radio companies including Western Multiplex, Exalt Communications and now Aviat Networks. One of Ken’s notable achievements was his involvement in the early 90’s with the Part 15 Coalition, contributing to the creation of the original ISM and UNII bands and technologies such as WiFi and Bluetooth. Ken now leads the North American WISP business unit at Aviat Networks and is the co-host of the YouTube series ‘ShopTalk with Jim & Ken’.
	Dennis Burgess	Link Technologies	(not set)	WISP Management Systems	Dennis Burgess is a Master MikroTik RouterOS Trainer and Engineer. Former WISPA Board member for 10 years, Dennis has been at the forefront of WISP and Fiber Technologies. He does consulting with Link Technologies, Inc, and does network design, engineer work with TowerCoverage.com. He is versed in MPLS, BGP, OSPF, Routing, TCP/IP, he also is a advocate for IPv6.
	Jeff Lytle	Sandy Beaches Software	President and Founder	How to Reduce Your Universal Service Fee Payments for Your VoIP Voice Services	Jeff Lytle has over 30 years of software development experience specifically related to telecommunications billing. As Sandy Beaches' founder and president, he's committed to the company's mission to help competitive communications companies grow and remain profitable by consistently delivering accurate bills and the software tools needed for superior customer service. Under his direction SBS made the INC. 500 list in 2003, the OKC Metro 50 Fastest Growing Privately Held Companies in 2002 and 2003. He was also a finalist for “Oklahoma’s Most Admired CEO’s” in 2010. Jeff proudly served in the USAF and holds a B.B.A. in Business from the University of Central Oklahoma.
	Jonathan Black	CanWISP	Executive Director	Exit Strategies WISP Management Systems	Jonathan is the Executive Director of CanWISP (www.canwisp.ca) and an advisor to ISPs. In his role with CanWISP, Jonathan represents the WISP industry to the CRTC and at Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada (ISED) on matter such as equal access to government funding, spectrum and industry regulation. Outside of his involvement in CanWISP, Jonathan is a management consultant and advisor to WISPs through Kuro Partners. He has held senior operational, advisory and financial roles in various technology and software companies. Jonathan lived the upside of the Internet bubble in Venture Capital (late 1990s) and learned more difficult lessons working inside an internet startup when that bubble burst. Jonathan has an MBA from Ivey Business School at Western University, a Graduate Diploma from Regent College and an Honors B.Math (Comp Sci / Applied Math) from the University of Waterloo.
	Graham Castleton	Outpost Plus	Owner	Starting A WISP - What You Should Know	Author of startyourownisp.com
	David Theodore	Climate Resilient Internet, LLC	Co-founder	Resiliency and Reliability in WISP networks	David Theodore pioneered the fixed wireless industry in 1987 as founder and CEO of Microwave Bypass. Microwave Bypass created the first 802.3 compatible, 10 Mbps wireless access tech, built on a 23GHz radio platform. It gave world leading universities, hospitals, research centers and tech companies their first access in the early days of the internet when fiber was scarce. Today, David is co-founder of Climate Resilient Internet where they're developing a new standard and certification program around resilience to extreme weather. The certification is meant to empower WISPs to kill it in the enterprise space, with a premium service that's sold by the gig, based on quality and criticality, not lowest price. Hit me up for more on that!
	Ilissa Miller	DE-CIX	VP Market Development	Best Practices for Marketing	Ilissa Miller is the CEO and founder of iMiller Public Relations, the President of NEDAS, a co-founder of the Independent Data Center Alliance and serves as the VP of Market Development for DE-CIX, the world's largest carrier and data center neutral interconnection ecosystem. With more than 25 years in the digital infrastructure space, Ilissa is a data center, IXP, interconnection and network expert.
	Jeff Brown	Calix	Senior Director Field Marketing	Fiber Technologies - 10Gbps Design Overview Competition - Fiber, Satellite, Cable, DSL, 5G	Jeff Brown is Director of Product & Field Marketing for Calix. Jeff has been at Calix three and a half years, and prior to that he spent his entire career working for broadband service providers. He has extensive experience building and growing broadband markets for wireline and wireless network operators, having spent over 25 years leading Business Development, Product and Marketing organizations for companies including Windstream, Zayo, Covad, Suddenlink, Sprint and MCI. He resides in the greater Chicago area in Naperville, Illinois.
	Frank DeJoy	Render Networks	Vice President Network Deployment	Fiber Deployment Options	Frank DeJoy is VP of Network Deployment for Render Networks, where he is leading the growth of Render Networks' North American business with a geospatial construction management SaaS platform. The Render solution enables network operators and builders to deploy broadband, fiber, and wireless networks faster while reducing risk and cost through digital transformation and automation. Render is the only construction management firm that has been recognized as a "FTTH Top 100 Company" by Broadband Communities for four consecutive years. Frank's thirty-year track record in telecommunications includes global business, network, and product development during executive roles at AT&T, Teleport Communications Group, General Dynamics, Dycom, Quanta Services, and Spectrum Effect (AI wireless startup). During his tenure at AT&T, Frank led the growth of the first wireless data network unit from its inception to support over $1B in ARR. Frank is a Senior Member of The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), a member of the Fiber Broadband Association (FBA), and BCSI. Frank also earned an MBA and a Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering with Highest Honors from Rutgers University.
	Cliff Mandell	ICT - Innovative Circuit Technology	Business Development Manager	Mixing -48v, 48v, 24, In One System and How to Ground it All	Cliff Mandell, Business Development Manager with ICT, is very experienced in intelligent DC power plant solutions. In his six-plus years working with ICT, he has supported many WISPs in determining their DC power requirements for their sites, providing DC power plant recommendations to better support their business operations and further enhance their network , and providing follow-up training to help WISPs implement the DC power solution into their networks.
	Layne Sisk	ServerPlus	CEO & Janitor	Updated Training for Customer Service Representatives	Layne is the CEO and Janitor at ServerPlus, and the Founder of Real Choice TV. Layne is a proud husband, father and grandfather. Layne has been active in the ISP industry for over 20 year and has a passion for great customer service.
	Kristian Hoffmann	Cal.net	Principal Engineer	GIS Mapping Isn't Just for Equipment Loading Mixing -48v, 48v, 24, In One System and How to Ground it All	Kristian Hoffmann began his career at a dial-up ISP in 1997 that adapted into a WISP, Fire2Wire, in 2000. The following decade at Fire2Wire included OSS, kernel, and other software development, along with network and RF design, planning, and implementation. In 2011, he moved from his role as CTO to President, managing day to day operations, business process development and automation, and ultimately leading the company to the acquisition by Cal.net in 2019. Kristian now serves as CTO for Cal.net in Central California, continuing his 24 years in the ISP/WISP industry, graciously supported by his wife Virginia and two children.
	Paul Kmit	Clearfield, Inc.	Technology Platform Manager	Plug and Play Cookie Cutter Concepts Simplify FTTH Deployments	(not set)
	Ryan Reid	ROAMR Wireless & Broadband	CEO	Service Installs: Let's Make Them More Efficient	(not set)
	Jeffrey Moore	Wave7 Research	Principal	Competition - Fiber, Satellite, Cable, DSL, 5G	Jeff Moore is Principal of Wave7 Research, a wireless research company that covers U.S. postpaid, prepaid, smartphone, and fixed wireless competition. He writes a monthly column for Fierce Wireless and is an expert on wireless retail. He is also Conference Director of the All Wireless & Prepaid Expo. Jeff has over 25 years of telecom industry experience, including 13 years of work for Sprint. Prior to Sprint, Jeff worked as a telecom analyst for Current Analysis and The Strategis Group. Jeff holds an MBA from Cornell University.
	Robert Kressin	KS Technologies, LLC	President	Lorawan - Lightning Session	Bob Kressin founded KS Technologies in 2003 and currently serves as its President and CEO. His educational background includes a Bachelor's Degree and a Masters of Science Degree, both in Electrical Engineering. For over twelve years, Bob was a Hardware Design Engineer at Hewlett-Packard / Agilent Technologies, allowing him to focus on integrated circuits and system-level test and measurement instrument creation as a Hardware Design Engineer. While at Agilent, Bob was granted two patents in the field of Electrical Engineering. He is very passionate and excited about sensing remote phenomena and making sense out of that data so people can better care for others and their businesses. Today, Bob leads KST, whose primary focus is end-to-end sensing to Cloud solutions.
	JAMES TAYLOR	BLUEBIRD NETWORK	VP - Carrier and Strategic Sales	Fiber Deployment Options Fiber to Fiber - Connecting FTTH Islands	James is an industry veteran with experience in fiber optic networks and wireless operations, and strives to connect communications companies to enable the expansion of their operations.
	Bob Pensworth	CresComm WiFi. LLC	CEO	What Does it Mean to be a Manager?	My first job was Operations Manager for a radio paging company. I climbed towers, and maintained the sites. I launched their WISP business in 2006. In 2011, I was hired by CresComm WiFi, LLC (current employer) to handle commercial accounts. I worked in the Long Beach office. In 2014, I was promoted to General Manager and in 2016 I became CEO. My first major project was migration of accounts to Powercode. I do everything from Site Surveys, Installer Training, Network Design, and Deployment. We moved our main office to Port Angeles, WA in 2019 and maintain a satellite office in Astoria, OR. My hobbies include Amateur Radio, Dancing, Photography, Alumni Groups, and travel.
	John Bagalini	Triad Wireless	COO/CFO		(not set)
	Chuck Hogg	All Points Broadband	SVP		(not set)
	Marc Perea	RemoteWinBox	CEO	Great Troubleshooting Methods IP Conservation	MikroTikMarc has decades of route/switch experience paired with multi-vendor certifications as well as computer science and management information systems degrees combined with entrepreneurial spirit resulting in a wealth of knowledge for Marc Perea to draw from
	Ajith Pasqual	Paraqum Technologies	CEO/Director		Ajith Pasqual is the CEO and Founder of Paraqum.
	David Burns	Wireless Coverage Ltd	Chief Executive Officer	RF Design and Planning	David Burns is a well-known industry figure in the Fixed Wireless Access industry, as Chairman of UKWISPA and founder of Boundless Networks and Wireless Coverage. In 2018, David launched Wireless Coverage Ltd, which provides ground-breaking software to model property coverage for Fixed Wireless. The underlying technology (WISDM) was initially built to plan and model large scale next generation networks that are based on FWA technology. WISDM technology has several innovative features that are specifically optimised for high speed FWA and 5G modelling. These result in the creation of networks that use the minimum amount of equipment to provide the maximum coverage.
	Jeff Broadwick	CTIconnect	Senior Sales Executive	Building Customer Confidence To Switch to FWA The Path to Gigabit - At Scale!	Jeff has spent over 20 years in the WISP industry, mostly with CTIconnect and ImageStream. He served two terms as a Board Member of WISPA and continues to sit on the Policy Committee (was FCC Committee). He as been to every Wispamerica and Wispapalooza show and is a charter member. He is an executive sales rep for CTIconnect, selling most of the WISP industry hardware. He has an MBA from Indiana University South Bend and a bachelors degree from Wayne State. He lives just outside of South Bend Indiana with his wife Lori.
	Jeff Yee	Airwaive	CEO	GIS Mapping Isn't Just for Equipment Loading Helium, Pollen and Other Ways to Monetize Your Existing Broadcast Sites	Jeff Yee is a 25-year veteran in the wireless industry. Jeff serves as the CEO of Airwaive, an online marketplace for the deployment and operations of small cell wireless networks. Prior to Airwaive, Jeff was a Vice President at ZTE, a top five equipment manufacturer of wireless networks, leading innovation and marketing teams. Early in his career, Jeff held various roles at AT&T Wireless, including launching the first Internet phone in the United States and he was directly responsible for the creation of AT&T’s first app store.
	Alex Doorduyn	Siklu	Chief Revenue Officer	Practical Capacity and Distance for Licensed Backhaul The Path to Gigabit - At Scale!	Alex Doorduyn is VP & GM Siklu Americas where he is focused on leading, creating and executing the strategic vision of the Siklu Americas team to provide gigabit speed wireless connectivity for multiple applications, including helping to bridge the Digital Divide in underserved urban as well as rural areas.
	Barak Harlan	CHR Solutions	Sr Systems Engineer	GIS Mapping Isn't Just for Equipment Loading The ABCs of Fiber Deployment	Barak joined CHR Solutions in 1998 as an intern and an engineer in Planning and Design. To broaden his experience, he joined Cap Rock Telephone Cooperative, Inc. as the Lead Engineer and Special Project Coordinator. After 5 years at Cap Rock Telephone Cooperative, he rejoined CHR Solutions in 2008 and has been involved in equipment engineering, planning and design, and sales engineering. Barak has a Bachelor of Science degree in Industrial Engineering from Texas Tech University.
	Marty Fredericks	FORVIS	Partner	Financial Accounting for WISP's Preparing for a Financial Statement Audit	As a member of FORVIS’ telecommunications team, Marty provides audit, tax, and consulting services to a variety of telecommunications, cable television, and wireless provider entities. He also assists with financial reporting, mergers and acquisitions, and budgeting. He co-manages FORVIS’ annual telecommunications benchmarking study and annual telecommunications accounting seminar. Marty is a member of the American Institute of CPAs and Iowa Society of Certified Public Accountants (ISCPA) and currently serves as Co-Chair of ISCPA’s Legislative Committee. He serves on the board of governors of the Iowa College Foundation and is a member of the Iowa Communications Alliance Scholarship Committee. Marty is a 1996 graduate of Wartburg College, Waverly, Iowa, with a B.A. degree in accounting.
	Kelley Lace	Total Highspeed LLC	Sales Manager	Getting the Most Out of Your Sales Team What Does it Mean to be a Manager? Connecting With Employees Selling to Businesses	In 2005, Travis Allen founded TA Highspeed, a small company consisting of one, to find a way to provide an Internet solution for his parents and their neighbors in Ozark, Missouri. Over the years, Travis’ determination has led him to expand his horizons to include not just the neighborhood in Ozark, but throughout the Southwest Ozark region of Missouri and Northern Arkansas. The name of the company changed over the years as well with expansion and Travis’ promise to bring Internet solutions to as many people as he could in the rural areas of our state. TA Highspeed morphed into Total Highspeed Internet Solutions in 2011 and today the company of one has grown to over 70 employees. Total Highspeed Internet Solutions offers wireless Internet through towers, silos, telephone poles and barns around the Ozarks as well as the new Fiber-To-The-Home projects you will see being constructed in small communities all over the Ozarks. Travis’ commitment to providing the same or better Internet service to rural homes as you can get in the big cities allows those of us living in the Ozarks to work from home, home school, run a business and maintain a job during these pandemic times. With always looking for ways to accomplish long term solutions to the ongoing and increasing need for good Internet and speed, Travis, his family and the Total Highspeed family, hope to provide their neighbors with access to the future and the world.
	Douglas Patterson	Crown Castle	Vice President, Implementation & Operations	Fiber Technologies - 10Gbps Design Overview Which Way to Build - Up or Down? Troubleshooting Fiber	Douglas Patterson - Crown Castle Vice President – West Region 24 years of Telecom Engineering, Construction & Operations. Crown Castle – 5 Years Previously with US West/Qwest/CenturyLink - Western U.S. - 18 Years
	John Hoadley	Mavenir	Vice President of Sales Engineering and Product Architecture – North America	CBRS and Other Private Network Strategies	John Hoadley has been in the wireless industry for over 25 years and has worked in technology, product management and sales executive roles at Nortel Networks, Taqua, Casa Systems and Mavenir. As Nortel’s Wireless CTO, John managed the advanced wireless research team that drove early LTE innovations. John also founded the small cell backhaul startup Relay IQ that was acquired by Taqua. Subsequently, he ran wireless and wireline product management at Taqua. John graduated from the University of British Columbia with a bachelors degree in electrical engineering and received an MBA from the University of Western Ontario. John is the North American Vice President of Sales Engineering and Product Architecture at Mavenir.
	Steven Glapa	Tarana Wireless	VP of Marketing	Building Customer Confidence To Switch to FWA	Steven is VP of Marketing at Tarana Wireless. He has more than 20 years of experience in telecommunications innovation, with prior stints at Ruckus (where he led business and channel development that drove 10x revenue gains over 4 years and a $1b IPO), Zhone, ArrayComm, Lucent, and other startups in wireless, machine learning, and robotics. He holds an MBA from Columbia University, a BA in Physics from Carleton College, and a BS in Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science from George Washington University.
	Adrian Berezowsky	Dynamic Environmental	(not set)	How To Fund And Build Your Fixed Wireless Network To Comply With Environmental, RF, and Other Infrastructure Siting Rules	Mr. Berezowsky is Vice President at Dynamic Environmental Associates (DEA), He has over 15 years of experience in the wireless infrastructure industry having helped to found IVI Telecom Services, Inc., a nationwide environmental consulting firm which also specialized in environmental and regulatory due diligence for wireless infrastructure development. IVI was acquired by CBRE in late 2014 where he served as Senior Managing Director until 2018 after which he founded BirchCo, Inc., a boutique firm specializing in regulatory and environmental oversight for commercial projects, whose operations were merged into DEA’s in early 2020. He attended The Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science & Art and Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law and is a board member, and former Vice President for the New York State Wireless Association and co-chair of the Wireless Infrastructure Associations Environmental Engineering and Consultants Working Group. He lives in the lower Hudson Valley of New York with his wife and three young boys and enjoys spending time with them as well as mountain biking, reading and attending various events of the Ukrainian diaspora.
	Tony Gualtieri	Tectonic	Executive Vice President of Engineering Services Nationwide	How To Fund And Build Your Fixed Wireless Network To Comply With Environmental, RF, and Other Infrastructure Siting Rules	Antonio (Tony) Gualtieri, P.E., Executive Vice President of Engineering Services Nationwide, Mr. Gualtieri has been with Tectonic for over 30 years’ and the majority of his Tectonic experience includes national wireless network deployments for all major telecommunication carriers and infrastructure providers in the U.S. and Territories. Mr. Gualtieri is a Licensed Professional Engineer in twenty states within the Civil / Structural disciplines. Additionally, Mr. Gualtieri is responsible for overall management of the corporate structural division for tower analyses and facility structural projects and holds overall technical responsibility for Tectonic’s Facilities Group.
	Casey Lide	Keller and Heckman	Partner	Developing Public Private Partnerships With States and Local Governments	Casey Lide is a Partner in Keller & Heckman’s Washington, D.C. office. He advises and represents public- and private-sector clients on a wide range of communications-related matters, including strategy development, contract negotiations (network development agreements, fiber optic IRUs and leases, franchises, attachment agreements, ISP service agreements, and others), public-private partnerships, federal and state regulatory compliance, and broadband funding.